Which type concerns fairness of the decision-making process?

• A. Informational Justice
• B. Procedural Justice
• C. Distributive Justice
• D. Interactional Justice

Answer: (B)

The question is testing understanding of what makes a decision-making process itself fair. Procedural justice is about the fairness of the procedures used to reach decisions—whether rules are applied consistently, whether decisions are based on accurate information, whether there’s an opportunity to voice concerns, and whether the process is impartial and ethical. In criminal justice practice, this means ensuring that every case follows the same rules, that individuals can present their side, and that decisions aren’t biased by personal preferences or hidden motives. When the process feels fair, people are more likely to accept the outcome, even if it’s not favorable.

Informational justice focuses on the quality and transparency of the information and reasons given for a decision, not the fairness of the process itself. Distributive justice concerns whether the outcomes or penalties are fair, regardless of how they were decided. Interactional justice emphasizes how people are treated during the process—the respect and dignity shown—while procedural justice centers on the rules and procedures that govern the decision-making itself.