Which statement best describes Goal-Setting Theory?

• A. It emphasizes intrinsic motivation more than goal clarity
• B. Specific, challenging goals with feedback enhance performance
• C. Social relationships are the primary driver of motivation
• D. Monetary rewards are the sole determinant of effort

Answer: (B)

Goal-Setting Theory explains how performance improves when goals are clearly defined, challenging, and paired with feedback. Clear, specific goals provide a concrete target and a standard by which to measure progress, which helps focus effort and attention on the right tasks. When goals are tough but achievable, they motivate greater effort, persistence, and the use of effective strategies to reach the target. Feedback is crucial because it tells people where they stand and what adjustments are needed, keeping motivation aligned with progress and guiding adjustments in approach. In the given statement, the emphasis on specific, challenging goals together with feedback best captures how this theory views driving performance. This differs from focusing mainly on intrinsic motivation or social relationships, which are not the central mechanisms of goal-setting. It also does not support the idea that monetary rewards alone determine effort, since the theory hinges on goal characteristics and feedback rather than money as the sole driver.